Tag: Devil’s Den (Gettysburg battlefield PA)

Wikipedia says: Devil’s Den is a boulder-strewn hill on the south end of Houck’s Ridge at Gettysburg Battlefield, once used by artillery and infantry (e.g., sharpshooters) on the second day of the 1863 Battle of Gettysburg during the American Civil War. A tourist attraction since the memorial association era, several boulders are worn from foot traffic and the site includes numerous cannon, memorials, and walkways, including a bridge spanning two boulders.

Devil’s Den was formed with Little Round Top (to the east-northeast) and Big Round Top (southwest) by periglacial frost wedging of the igneous landform formed 200 million years ago when a diabase sill intruded through the Triassic Gettysburg plain.  The feature acquired its foreboding name prior to the 1863 battle. Throughout the mid-19th Century, local residents believed that the crevices between the boulders were home to a large snake. The size of the reptile varied between accounts, but reports ranged from 8 ft (2.4 m) to as large as 15 ft (4.6 m). The snake became known as “The Devil,” and thus the area he was believed to inhabit became known as “The Devil’s Den.” Some soldiers’ accounts used the name “Devil’s Cave”,[citation needed] and a depression on a boulder that collects water resembles a flying horned bat.

Battle of Gettysburg

On July 2, 1863, Smith’s Union battery, with six Napoleon smooth-bores, used the hill to counterfire on Confederate artillery prior to McLaws’ Assault at 5:30 pm. Against Hood’s Assault that started at 4 pm, Devil’s Den was defended by Birney’s 1st Division as the far left position from The Peach Orchard Salient of the III Corps. The hill was captured when the “First Texas Regiment, having pressed forward to the crest of the hill and driven the enemy from his battery”, and Anderson’s Confederates used the hill for the first attack on The Wheatfield. From near the Slaughter Pen, the 40th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment forced the 2nd & 17th Georgia regiments of Benning’s Brigade to retreat to Devil’s Den. Confederate sharpshooters were stationed between the rocks to fire upon Union soldiers at Little Round Top, among their victims being General Stephen H. Weed and Lieutenant Charles E. Hazlett. Hazlett’s guns counter-fired upon them, and many were killed from the concussion of air.